It is worth mentioning that Okinawans, the longest-living people out of any state or country in the world according to the World Health Organization reports, were found to consume habitually considerable amounts of certain vegetables including onions [16]. Besides, surprisingly, serum testosterone was found to be higher in Okinawan men compared, for examples, with the age-matched Americans [16]. This could be an evidence that onions may have a potential impact on general health in men.
Animal sex onion link
As a result, in general, the main stream of research (75% of research studies) that are directly linking between onion and testosterone reveal a positive effect of onion on testosterone level in males. The rest of these studies (25%) did not show a significant effect of onion on testosterone level. These blunted studies were mainly conducted on male rats induced by chemical toxicants (cadmium, aluminum), which may induce irreversible damage to the reproductive organs.
Specifically, as shown in Table 1, it is important to point that the only human study that directly link between onion and testosterone reveal a positive effect of onion extracts on testosterone [17]. However, more confirmatory human studies in this specific research context are still very imperative.
In particular, increased generation of reactive oxygen species, and hence the oxidative damage in testicular Leydig cells may reduce the synthesis of testosterone [10]. This reduction may be aggregated in the presence of chemical toxicants such as aluminum and cadmium, and in the presence of certain drugs such as permethrin, which is a medication and insecticide used to cure scabies. Indeed, aluminum chloride was found to significantly decrease testosterone synthesis [25], may be by reducing the activity of the testicular antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase, and disrupting the gene expression of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme in the testis [38]. It has been shown that the enzymatic antioxidants were significantly increased in onion treated-male rats and in onion treated-male rats with aluminum-induced reproductive toxicity [25]. Such enhancement for the antioxidant defense mechanism in Leydig cells by the effect of onion may increase the production of testosterone. In addition, onion was found to decrease the formation of malondialdehyde, a marker of oxidative damage, particularly lipid peroxidation, in normal male rats and male rats with aluminum-induced reproductive toxicity [39]. Moreover, aqueous onion extract was found to protect against cadmium-induced oxidative stress; however, it did not recover cadmium-induced testosterone depletion [27].
It was demonstrated that that onion has hypoglycemic effects and can be used as a dietary supplement to manage the progression in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes [61]. In addition, onion peel extracts, rich with quercetin, was found to reduce insulin resistance in male diabetic rats on high fat diet [62]. Moreover, streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats administered onion and fenugreek had lower oxidative stress levels compared to those administered only fenugreek [63]. In addition, onion juice was found to have an insulin-like action as it decreased blood glucose level in hyperglycemic animal models [20]. Moreover, one of the major bioactive compounds in onion are sulfur compounds such as S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide, diallyl trisulfide, S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, dipropyl disulfide, propenyl propyl disulfide, propenyl methyl disulfide, and methyl propyl trisulfide [15]. It has been shown that many of these bioactive compounds have insulinotropic as well as antidiabetic activity in animal models, which may explain an improvement in beta-cell function and increase in insulin sensitivity [15]. Actually, these sulfur compounds in onions were found to enhance the acticity of hepatic enzymes (e.g., glucose-6-phosphatase and glucokinase), which could be, at least in part, behind the antihyperglycemic effect of onion in the experimental animals.
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Onions vary in size, shape, color, and flavor. The most common types are red, yellow, and white onions. The taste of these vegetables can range from sweet and juicy to sharp, spicy, and pungent, often depending on the season in which people grow and consume them.
It is common knowledge that chopping onions causes watery eyes. However, onions may also provide potential health benefits. These may include reducing the risk of several types of cancer, improving mood, and maintaining skin and hair health.
The authors note that there are compounds called organosulfurs in onions, some of which suppressed aspects of tumor growth. However, they conclude that not all organosulfurs have antioxidant properties.
The review also highlighted gaps in the research to date. The authors suggested that onions and other allium vegetables do not prevent cancer in isolation but work in tandem with other lifestyle factors to reduce the risk.
To reduce tears during chopping, the National Onion Association recommend chilling an onion for 30 minutes then cutting off its top. The person should then peel the outer layer of the onion and leave the root intact, as this part has the highest concentration of lachrymatory agents.
Onions are a staple in many kitchens and complement most dishes. People can use raw chopped onion in a sandwich filling or as a salad topping. This vegetable also makes a tasty addition to salsas and dips.
The site, called Cruel Onion Wiki, which I noticed had newly appeared in directories of the deep web, collates links to videos of women killing and torturing animals, usually in a sexualised fashion. From rabbits and cats to even a monkey, a pheasant, and some turtles, the creatures are crushed, sat on, or suffocated, often by fully or semi-nude women.
Judging by the thumbnails, the rest of the footage is graphic as well. One example has pools of blood enveloping around an orange kitten; another involves crushing the animal while the camera is positioned underneath a glass table. One video even has a woman "swallowing pinkies," or baby mice.
Alopecia areata is a patchy, non-scarring hair loss condition. Any hair-bearing surface may be involved, and different modalities of treatment have been used to induce hair regrowth. This study was designed to test the effectiveness of topical crude onion juice in the treatment of patchy alopecia areata in comparison with tap water. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group [onion juice treated] consisted of 23 patients, 16 males (69.5%) and 7 females (30.5%). Their ages ranged between 5-42 years with a mean of 22.7 years. The second group [control; tap-water-treated] consisted of 15 patients, 8 males (53.3%) and 7 females (46.6%). Their ages ranged between 3-35 years with a mean of 18.3 years. The two groups were advised to apply the treatment twice daily for two months. Re-growth of terminal coarse hairs started after two weeks of treatment with crude onion juice. At four weeks, hair re-growth was seen in 17 patients (73.9%), and, at six weeks, the hair re-growth was observed in 20 patients (86.9%) and was significantly higher among males (93.7%) compared to females (71.4%) P
Across the animal kingdom, numerous species engage in a behavior known as anointing. This is where animals rub pungent materials into their bodies or fur. Fish, reptiles, birds, and mammals all anoint using varied materials, including plants, mud, invertebrates, and artificial substances found in their habitat.
Primates, in particular, engage in two kinds of anointing: individual anointing in which an animal treats its own body, and social anointing in which an animal rubs its body or anointing materials against another individual. Social anointing can allow animals to reach body parts that are normally inaccessible, suggesting that the behavior may have medicinal benefits, such as chemical defense against parasites. However, in highly social primates, anointing may also reinforce or strengthen social bonds.
The researchers measured social relationships in the monkeys by comparing proximity patterns when no onions were present (baseline), during the anointing sessions, and after anointing (once the monkeys were done interacting with the onions).
In one group, known as the West group, monkeys had stronger associations or more associations with their group mates after anointing than in the baseline condition, whether the onions were rare or plentiful. This suggests that anointing can mediate social relationships, since monkeys did not need to increase proximity to anoint in the abundant resource condition, yet they did anyway. In addition, their associations were highest after anointing when onions were abundant, demonstrating that the monkeys chose to continue to associate together even after anointing.
While associations with group members were higher after anointing regardless of the amount of onion for the West group, a different pattern emerged in the East group. Among these monkeys, associations increased only after anointing in the rare resource condition. This shows that the monkeys remained closer together than in the baseline condition after anointing only when they would have had to come close together to access the limited anointing materials. 2ff7e9595c
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